Hyperpigmented macules and patches

Review of symptoms is negative for anything obviously contributory. Less frequently, it may be caused by the deposition in the dermis of endogenous or exogenous pigments, such as hemosiderin, iron, or heavy metals. Asymptomatic hyperpigmented macules and patches on the trunk. Eventually a hypopigmented halo develops after a prolonged duration of disease. The patient stated he has had severe back pain associated with the schwannoma and has been using a heating pad for relief every evening for at least 8 hours.

In this patient, the macule partially overlaps the slategrey patch 9 oclock position on the upper thigh. Isolated hyperpigmented patches were also observed. Common skin disorders of the penis wiley online library. Physical examination revealed a pebbly, hyperpigmented plaque with minimal scale on the extensor surfaces of both arms and smooth, hyperpigmented patches on her upper chest, face and buttocks. Melanotic macules of oral mucosa are observed on the lips, in the mouth, on the tongue, etc. For people with darker skin, hypopigmentation may also result in stigma. Hypopigmentation can be upsetting, particularly if visible. Hyperpigmentation is the darkening or increase in the natural color of the skin, usually due to an increased deposition of melanin hypermelanosis in the epidermis andor dermis.

A 45yearold woman presented with brownish macules and patches on her face. Melasma is an acquired disorder of hypermelanosis characterized by symmetrically distributed hyperpigmented macules patches involving sunexposed areas, primarily on the face. Erythrasma will fluoresce coralred on wood lamp illumination rather than the characteristic. Neonatal and infantile common skin lesions pediatrics. This change in color is known as hyperpigmentation. A hyperpigmented patch that remains despite washing with soap. Hypopigmentation can be upsetting to some, especially those with darker skin whose hypopigmentation marks are seen more visibly.

Macules may be a sign of something serious or mean absolutely nothing at all. When the spots first appeared, they were reddishpurple in color and mildly itchy. The term melasma is derived from the greek word melas, meaning black. Approach to reticulate hyperpigmentation vachiramon. Penile melanosis is usually a benign or harmless condition. The clinical differential diagnosis includes erythema dyschromicum perstans, lichen planus pigmentosus, drug eruption, and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Hyperpigmentation as a peculiar presentation of mycosis. Cal spots present as uniform tanbrown round or oval macules with distinct. Occasionally, in the early active stage of the disease, elevated erythematous borders are noted surrounding the hyperpigmented macules. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation presents as hyperpigmented macules patches in the area of the preceding inflammatory dermatosis or. Congenital hypomelanotic and hypermelanotic macules. Bluish gray hyperpigmentation on the face and neck. Asymptomatic hyperpigmented macules and patches on the. Pityriasis versicolor is characterized by scaly hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules patches, most commonly affecting areas of skin that are rich in sebum production, such as the upper arms, neck, and trunk.

Common pigmentation disorders american family physician. Remember, hypopigmentation is any kind of white patch, scar or area on the skin caused by a lack of pigment. Some of the common causes of hyperpigmented patches of skin may include. Vitiligo presents with completely depigmented macules and patches as opposed to hypopigmented lesions. Hyperpigmented patches on a womans sunexposed face. The evolution with hyperpigmented macules or patches is the main feature for. Hyperpigmentation as a peculiar presentation of mycosis fungoides. Patients will often have accompanying tender lymphadenitis. If you have darker colored areas on your skin this is hyperpigmentation. Herein, we describe a patient with several hyperpigmented macules and patches on the trunk and right leg for 7 years previously. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation presents as irregular, darkly pigmented macules and patches at sites of previous injury or inflammation. Hyperpigmentation dermatologic disorders merck manuals. Patches may have some subtle surface change, such as a fine scale or wrinkling, but although the consistency of the surface is changed, the lesion itself is not palpable.

Differential diagnosis of acquired hyperpigmented macules is. For example, macules can be moles which are hyperpigmented. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation due to various inflammatory dermatoses occasionally displays a reticulate pattern. Localised pigmentation may be due to melanin, haemosiderin or externallyderived pigment.

Hyperpigmented macules and streaks jennifer clay cather, md, 1 mark r. A patch is a large macule equal to or greater than either 5 or 10 mm across, depending on ones definition of a macule. Additionally, it usually affects younger patients and is more predominant in darkskinned. Calm may have the color of coffee with milk in lighter skinned individuals but in darker skinned persons the color may be more medium to dark brown. It is a commonly observed skin condition that is seen in many children and adults.

Clinically, true primary genital herpes appears as macules and papules, followed by vesicles, pustules and ulcers 7. Alan menter, md 1 1 from the division of dermatology, department of internal medicine, baylor university medical center, dallas, texas cather and menter. The mongolian spot is a hyperpigmented macule or patch present at birth or. Hyperpigmentation can also be caused by various drugs, including some antibiotics, antiarrhythmics, and antimalarial drugs. Hypopigmented macules and patches clinical advisor. A 55yearold ghanaian woman presented with a 1year history of worsening hyperpigmentation of the skin on the arms, chest, face and buttocks. Hypopigmented macule hypopigmented macules are typically very subtle, and benign, findings in the newborn. Synonyms include chloasma and mask of pregnancy when it arises during pregnancy. Systemic complaints including fever, myalgias and lethargy may be present, but are rare in men.

Skin cancers, such as melanoma and pigmented basal cell carcinoma. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation presents as hyperpigmented maculespatches in the area of the preceding inflammatory dermatosis or. Areas of discoloration that are larger than 1 cm are referred to as patches. Benign pigmented skin lesions, such as melanocytic naevi moles, seborrhoeic keratoses and lentigines. Ten percent of cases occur in nonpregnant women and darkskinned men. A macule is a flat, distinct, discolored area of skin less than 1 centimeter cm wide. Macules hereditary congenital hypopigmented and hyperpigmented. Mf is an uncommon clinical variant of mf characterized by hypopigmented macules. Diagnosis of some common and uncommon hyperpigmentation. Melasma an example of hyperpigmentation is melasma. Melasma consists of dark brown, sharply marginated, roughly symmetric patches of hyperpigmentation on the face usually on the forehead, temples, cheeks, upper lip, or nose.

Its characterized by small patches of dark skin on the penis. Diabetesrelated causes of hyperpigmented patches of skin list of 28 causes of hyperpigmented patches of skin this section shows a full list of all the diseases and conditions listed as a possible cause of hyperpigmented patches of skin in our database from various sources. Many hypopigmented macules are transient, and are caused by abnormal local vasoconstriction, as in the patient above. Pubmed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss macules hereditary congenital hypopigmented and hyperpigmented. Mycosis fungoides is a cutaneous tcell lymphoma that clinically presents as a single or multiple hypopigmented or hyperpigmented patches or as erythematous scaly lesions in. Hyperpigmentation may be the sign of a benign or relatively easily treated condition, or it may indicate the presence of a lifethreatening condition such as melanoma. A 32yearold male with a past medical history of recurrent t12l1 leftsided schwannoma presented with a 1year history of a hyperpigmented lesion in the midlower back figures 1 and 2, left to right. Hyperpigmented patch on the leg mdedge dermatology. The pigmentation had developed approximately 10 years. Typically, lesions arise as multiple small, circular macules that enlarge radially and coalesce into patches. The hyperpigmentation is composed of homogeneous macules that coalesce into reticulated patches. Waxman, lisa, md the american journal of dermatopathology. Light brown patch that develops an increasing number of pigmented macules or papules, representing junctional or compound nevi.

Most causes of hypopigmentation are not serious and can be easily treated. It occurs primarily in pregnant women melasma gravidarum, or the mask of pregnancy and in women taking oral contraceptives. Asymptomatic hyperpigmented macules and patches on the trunk torresromero, luis f. Diagnosis, hyperpigmentation, melanosis, pigmentation disorders. In the same area, interplaced with the largest macules, were some small hyperpigmented spots 0. Disorders of hyperpigmentation and melanocytes clinical gate. What caused this hyperpigmented reticulated rash on this. Early ctcl often lacks the histologic criteria necessary for a definitive diagnosis.

No other lesions are noted, and there is no lymphadenopathy. Hereditary congenital hypopigmented and hyperpigmented macules. Hypopigmentation is common and approximately one in twenty have at least one hypopigmented macule. Rashes can have macules, patches flat spots at least 1 cm in size. If dark patches are observed, the main diagnoses to consider are.

Physical examination reveals three welldemarcated, hyperpigmented patches on her right lower leg. Hyperpigmented mycosis fungoides is among the rarest variant of mf, manifested as hyperpigmented macules or patches without poikilodermatous changes such as epidermal atrophy and telangiectasias. The cause of hyperpigmentation usually is traced to the activity and presence of melanocytes. They may be hypopigmented lighter than the surrounding skin, hyperpigmented darker than the surrounding skins, or appear pink or red. Recurrent episodes of genital herpes are characteristically less. Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis has been associated with serious congenital defects, and a set of investigations, including brain magnetic resonance imaging, should be considered in this setting. Macules can be seen on any part of the body, but are most frequently found on the chest, back, face, and arms.